Gastrointestinal surgery refers to surgical procedures that involve the digestive system, including the stomach, intestines, liver, and gallbladder. These surgeries can be performed to treat various conditions such as appendicitis, hernia, or cancer. Surgeons use different techniques, including open surgery and minimally invasive methods like laparoscopy, which involves smaller incisions. Recovery times and risks vary depending on the specific procedure and the patient's overall health. Proper pre-operative and post-operative care is essential for successful outcomes.