Film theory is the study of the fundamental principles and concepts that underpin the art of cinema. It explores how films communicate ideas, emotions, and narratives through visual and auditory elements. Scholars analyze various aspects, including cinematography, editing, and sound design, to understand how these components work together to create meaning. Additionally, film theory examines the cultural, social, and historical contexts in which films are produced and received. It considers the impact of genres, such as horror or romantic comedy, and the role of filmmakers like Alfred Hitchcock or Frida Kahlo in shaping cinematic language and audience perception.