Fermentation technology is a process that uses microorganisms, such as bacteria and yeast, to convert organic materials into useful products. This method is widely used in the production of food and beverages, such as bread, beer, and yogurt. It relies on the natural metabolic processes of these microorganisms to break down sugars and other compounds, resulting in the creation of alcohol, acids, and gases. In addition to food production, fermentation technology plays a crucial role in various industries, including pharmaceuticals and biofuels. For example, it is used to produce antibiotics like penicillin and bioethanol, a renewable energy source. By harnessing the power of fermentation, industries can create sustainable products while minimizing waste.