Executive function refers to a set of cognitive processes that help individuals manage their thoughts, actions, and emotions. These skills are essential for planning, decision-making, problem-solving, and regulating behavior. They enable people to set goals, prioritize tasks, and adapt to new situations effectively. Key components of executive function include working memory, cognitive flexibility, and inhibitory control. Working memory allows individuals to hold and manipulate information temporarily, while cognitive flexibility helps them switch between tasks or perspectives. Inhibitory control involves resisting impulses and distractions, ensuring that individuals can focus on their goals and complete tasks efficiently.