An electron microscope is a powerful tool that uses beams of electrons instead of light to magnify tiny objects. This allows scientists to see things that are much smaller than what can be viewed with a regular microscope, such as cells, viruses, and even individual atoms. By focusing electrons, these microscopes can achieve much higher resolutions, revealing intricate details of the structure and composition of materials. There are two main types of electron microscopes: transmission electron microscopes (TEM) and scanning electron microscopes (SEM). TEMs pass electrons through a thin sample to create detailed images, while SEMs scan the surface of a sample to produce 3D images. Both types are essential in fields like biology, materials science, and nanotechnology.