Diabetes complications can arise when blood sugar levels are not well managed over time. These complications can affect various parts of the body, including the heart, kidneys, eyes, and nerves. Common issues include heart disease, kidney damage, vision problems, and neuropathy, which can lead to pain or loss of sensation in the limbs. Preventing these complications involves regular monitoring of blood sugar levels, maintaining a healthy diet, and engaging in physical activity. Regular check-ups with healthcare providers can help identify potential problems early, allowing for timely intervention and better management of diabetes.