Damıtıcılar are devices used to separate liquids based on their different boiling points. They work by heating a liquid mixture, causing the components to vaporize. The vapor is then cooled and condensed back into liquid form, allowing for the collection of purified substances. These devices are commonly used in laboratories and industries for processes like distillation and purification. They can be found in various forms, including simple distillation apparatus and more complex fractional distillers, depending on the specific needs of the separation process.