A condenser is a device that converts vapor or gas into a liquid by removing heat. It is commonly used in various applications, such as in air conditioning systems and refrigeration. The process involves cooling the vapor, which causes it to condense into a liquid state, allowing for efficient heat exchange. In many systems, condensers are paired with compressors and evaporators to create a complete refrigeration cycle. They can be air-cooled or water-cooled, depending on the design and requirements of the system. Proper functioning of a condenser is essential for maintaining energy efficiency and performance in HVAC systems.