Controlled blasting is a technique used in construction and mining to break rock safely and efficiently. It involves carefully planning the placement and timing of explosives to minimize vibrations and flying debris. This method helps protect nearby structures and the environment while achieving the desired rock fragmentation. The process typically includes drilling holes into the rock, placing explosives, and using precise timing to detonate them. Blasting engineers analyze factors like rock type and surrounding conditions to ensure safety and effectiveness. Controlled blasting is essential in projects like road construction, quarrying, and tunnel excavation.