Connexins are a family of proteins that form channels called gap junctions between adjacent cells. These channels allow for the direct transfer of ions and small molecules, facilitating communication and coordination between cells. Connexins play a crucial role in various physiological processes, including heart function, neural signaling, and tissue homeostasis. There are several types of connexins, each designated by a specific number, such as connexin 43 or connexin 26. Mutations or dysfunctions in connexins can lead to various diseases, including cardiac arrhythmias and certain types of hearing loss, highlighting their importance in maintaining cellular health.