Connexin 26 is a protein that forms channels in cell membranes, allowing communication between adjacent cells. It is part of a family of proteins known as gap junctions, which facilitate the transfer of ions and small molecules. This communication is crucial for various physiological processes, including cell growth and tissue repair. Mutations in the gene that encodes Connexin 26 can lead to hearing loss, as it plays a vital role in the inner ear's function. This condition is known as Connexin 26-related hearing loss and is one of the most common genetic causes of hearing impairment in humans.