Gap junctions are specialized connections between adjacent cells that allow for direct communication. They consist of protein channels called connexons, which form pores that enable the transfer of ions and small molecules. This communication is crucial for various physiological processes, including muscle contraction and the coordination of cellular activities. These junctions play a vital role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and function. By allowing cells to share signals and nutrients, gap junctions help synchronize responses to stimuli, ensuring that tissues work together efficiently. They are found in many tissues, including cardiac muscle, neurons, and epithelial cells.