Comprehensive exams, often referred to as "comps," are assessments that evaluate a student's knowledge and understanding of their field of study. These exams are typically required in graduate programs, such as master's or doctoral degrees, and cover a broad range of topics within the discipline. The purpose is to ensure that students have a solid grasp of essential concepts before advancing to the next stage of their education. The format of comprehensive exams can vary, including written tests, oral presentations, or a combination of both. Students usually prepare for these exams by reviewing coursework, research, and relevant literature. Successfully passing comprehensive exams is often a prerequisite for completing a degree program and moving on to thesis or dissertation work.