The "communist-era" refers to a period during the 20th century when many countries adopted communist ideologies, primarily influenced by the teachings of Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin. This era saw the establishment of one-party states, where the government controlled the economy and aimed to eliminate private property to promote equality among citizens. Countries like the Soviet Union, China, and Cuba experienced significant political and social changes during this time. The communist regime often suppressed dissent and limited personal freedoms, leading to various human rights issues. The era began to decline in the late 20th century, culminating in the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989.