Colonial America refers to the period from the early 1600s to the late 1700s when European powers, primarily England, France, and Spain, established settlements in North America. The thirteen British colonies along the Atlantic coast were founded for various reasons, including economic opportunities, religious freedom, and political autonomy. Each colony developed its own unique culture and economy, influenced by geography and the resources available. Life in colonial America varied greatly depending on the region. The New England colonies focused on trade and fishing, while the Middle colonies were known for agriculture and diverse populations. The Southern colonies relied heavily on plantation farming, using enslaved labor to cultivate cash crops like tobacco and rice. This period laid the groundwork for the future United States.