Civil cases are legal disputes between individuals or organizations where one party claims to have been harmed by the actions of another. These cases typically involve issues such as contracts, property disputes, or personal injury. The goal is to resolve the conflict and provide compensation or a remedy to the injured party. In a civil case, the person who brings the lawsuit is called the plaintiff, while the person being sued is known as the defendant. Unlike criminal cases, which involve the government prosecuting someone for a crime, civil cases focus on resolving private disputes and do not result in criminal penalties.