Chernozem is a rich, black soil found primarily in the temperate grasslands of Eastern Europe and North America. It is known for its high organic matter content, which makes it extremely fertile and ideal for agriculture. This soil type supports the growth of various crops, including wheat and corn, contributing significantly to food production. The formation of chernozem occurs over thousands of years, as decaying plant material mixes with minerals. Its unique properties, such as good moisture retention and nutrient availability, make it one of the most productive soil types in the world, essential for sustaining farming practices in regions where it is found.