Cardiovascular disease refers to a group of disorders affecting the heart and blood vessels. It includes conditions such as coronary artery disease, heart attacks, and stroke. These diseases can result from factors like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and unhealthy lifestyle choices, including poor diet and lack of exercise. Prevention and management of cardiovascular disease often involve lifestyle changes, such as maintaining a balanced diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and avoiding tobacco use. Medical treatments may include medications and, in some cases, surgical procedures to improve heart health and blood flow.