Cardiac surgeons are specialized medical doctors who perform surgeries on the heart and blood vessels. They treat various conditions, including heart disease, congenital heart defects, and valve problems. These surgeons often work in hospitals and collaborate with other healthcare professionals to provide comprehensive care for patients. To become a cardiac surgeon, one must complete extensive education and training, including medical school and a residency in general surgery, followed by a fellowship in cardiac surgery. They use advanced techniques and technologies, such as minimally invasive surgery and robotic surgery, to improve patient outcomes and recovery times.