The calcaneofibular ligament is a key structure in the ankle, connecting the fibula bone to the calcaneus, or heel bone. It plays a crucial role in stabilizing the ankle joint, particularly during activities that involve lateral movement. This ligament helps prevent excessive inversion of the foot, which can lead to sprains. Injuries to the calcaneofibular ligament often occur during sports or physical activities, resulting in pain and swelling around the ankle. Treatment typically involves rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE), along with physical therapy to restore strength and flexibility.