The black truffle, scientifically known as Tuber melanosporum, is a type of fungus that grows underground in association with the roots of certain trees, such as oak and hazelnut. Known for its strong aroma and unique flavor, it is a prized ingredient in gourmet cooking, often used in dishes like pasta, risotto, and sauces. Harvesting black truffles is a labor-intensive process, typically done with the help of trained dogs or pigs that can detect their scent. They are primarily found in regions of France, Italy, and Spain, and their availability is seasonal, making them a luxury item in the culinary world.