Bioleaching is a process that uses microorganisms to extract metals from ores. These microbes break down the minerals in the ore, releasing valuable metals like copper, gold, and nickel into a solution. This method is often more environmentally friendly than traditional mining techniques, as it reduces the need for harsh chemicals. The process typically involves bacteria such as Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, which thrive in acidic environments. Bioleaching can be applied to low-grade ores, making it a cost-effective option for mining companies. Additionally, it helps in recycling metals from electronic waste, contributing to sustainable resource management.