Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is a type of bacteria that thrives in acidic environments, often found in metal-rich soils and mining sites. It plays a crucial role in the bioleaching process, where it helps extract metals like copper and gold from ores by oxidizing iron and sulfur compounds. This bacterium is known for its ability to oxidize ferrous iron to ferric iron, which can then dissolve metal sulfides. Its unique metabolic processes make it valuable in bioremediation and mining industries, contributing to more sustainable methods of metal extraction and environmental cleanup.