The term "beguines" refers to a group of laywomen in medieval Europe who lived in semi-religious communities. They dedicated their lives to spiritual pursuits, charitable work, and helping the poor, while maintaining independence from traditional monastic vows. Beguines often engaged in various trades and crafts, allowing them to support themselves financially. Beguines emerged in the 12th century, particularly in regions like Flanders and Germany. Their communities, known as beguineries, provided a space for women to live together, share resources, and practice their faith without the constraints of formal religious orders.