Medieval Europe, spanning roughly from the 5th to the late 15th century, was a time of significant social, political, and cultural transformation. This era saw the rise of feudalism, where land was held by lords and worked by peasants, creating a hierarchical society that defined daily life. The period is also marked by the influence of the Catholic Church, which played a central role in governance and education. Notable events, such as the Crusades and the establishment of universities, shaped the continent's future, leading to the eventual emergence of the Renaissance.