Basalt columns are natural rock formations created when lava cools and solidifies. As the molten rock cools, it contracts and fractures into hexagonal shapes, forming tall, vertical columns. These columns can vary in height and size, often creating striking landscapes. These formations are commonly found in areas with volcanic activity, such as Iceland and Giant's Causeway in Northern Ireland. The unique geometric patterns of basalt columns make them a popular subject for photography and geological study, showcasing the power of natural processes in shaping the Earth's surface.