A balanced scorecard is a strategic planning tool used by organizations to measure performance across multiple perspectives. It typically includes four key areas: financial, customer, internal processes, and learning and growth. By evaluating these areas, organizations can align their activities with their vision and strategy, ensuring a more comprehensive view of performance. This approach helps organizations track progress toward their goals and identify areas for improvement. The balanced scorecard encourages a balance between short-term and long-term objectives, promoting sustainable growth. It was developed by Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton in the early 1990s and has since been widely adopted in various industries.