Ancient Spain, known as Hispania in Roman times, was a region inhabited by various cultures, including the Iberians, Celts, and Phoenicians. The Romans conquered Hispania in the 2nd century BCE, integrating it into their empire and establishing cities like Tarraco and Corduba. This period saw the spread of Roman culture, language, and infrastructure. Before Roman rule, the area was influenced by Celtiberian tribes and trade with Phoenician merchants. The Visigoths later established a kingdom in the 5th century CE after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, marking the beginning of a new era in the region's history.