Roman Hispania refers to the territories of the Iberian Peninsula that were under Roman rule from the 2nd century BCE until the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century CE. This region was divided into several provinces, including Hispania Tarraconensis, Hispania Baetica, and Hispania Lusitania, each with its own administrative centers and local cultures. During Roman rule, Hispania became an important part of the empire, contributing to trade, agriculture, and military resources. The Romans built extensive infrastructure, such as roads, aqueducts, and cities like Tarraco and Emerita Augusta, which facilitated communication and commerce throughout the region.