Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a type of water pollution that occurs when sulfide minerals in rocks are exposed to air and water during mining activities. This exposure leads to a chemical reaction that produces sulfuric acid, which can leach heavy metals from surrounding rocks. The resulting acidic water can flow into nearby rivers and streams, harming aquatic life and contaminating drinking water sources. The environmental impact of AMD can be severe, affecting ecosystems and human health. Remediation efforts often involve neutralizing the acid with substances like lime or constructing treatment systems to manage the contaminated water. Addressing AMD is crucial for protecting natural resources and communities near mining sites.