The abdominal aorta is the largest artery in the abdomen, extending from the diaphragm to the pelvis. It is a continuation of the thoracic aorta and supplies oxygenated blood to the lower parts of the body, including the legs, pelvis, and organs in the abdomen. As it descends, the abdominal aorta branches into several important arteries, such as the renal arteries that supply the kidneys and the iliac arteries that lead to the legs. Proper functioning of the abdominal aorta is crucial for maintaining blood flow and overall health in the lower body.