Zionist Thought refers to a political and cultural movement that emerged in the late 19th century, advocating for the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine. It was largely a response to widespread anti-Semitism in Europe and aimed to create a safe haven for Jews. The movement was founded by figures like Theodor Herzl, who organized the first Zionist Congress in 1897. Zionism encompasses various ideologies, including political, cultural, and religious aspects. While some Zionists focus on the need for a secular state, others emphasize the importance of Jewish religious identity. The movement has significantly influenced the history and politics of the region, particularly with the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948.