The State of Israel is a country located in the Middle East, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan to the east, and Egypt to the southwest. Established in 1948, it serves as a homeland for the Jewish people and has a diverse population that includes Jews, Arabs, and other ethnic groups. Israel's capital is Jerusalem, a city of great historical and religious significance. The country has a parliamentary democracy and is known for its advanced technology sector, vibrant culture, and rich history, which includes ancient sites and modern achievements.