Xanana Gusmão is an East Timorese politician and former independence leader. He played a crucial role in the struggle for East Timor's independence from Indonesian occupation, which lasted from 1975 to 1999. Gusmão was a key figure in the Fretilin movement and later became the first President of East Timor after its independence in 2002. In addition to his presidency, Gusmão served as the Prime Minister of East Timor from 2007 to 2015. He is known for his efforts in nation-building and promoting peace in the region. His leadership has significantly shaped the political landscape of Timor-Leste.