Walter Gropius was a pioneering architect and the founder of the Bauhaus school, which revolutionized design and architecture in the 20th century. His innovative approach combined art and technology, emphasizing functionality and simplicity in design. Gropius believed in creating a harmonious relationship between people and their environment. His notable works include the Bauhaus Dessau building and the Fagus Factory, which showcased his vision of modern architecture that integrated form and function seamlessly.