The Vedic texts are ancient scriptures that form the foundation of Hinduism. Composed in Sanskrit, these texts date back to around 1500-500 BCE and are divided into four main collections: the Rigveda, Samaveda, Yajurveda, and Atharvaveda. They encompass hymns, rituals, and philosophical teachings, reflecting the spiritual and cultural practices of early Indian society. These texts are not just religious documents; they also include knowledge on various subjects such as astronomy, medicine, and grammar. The Upanishads, which are part of the Vedic literature, explore profound philosophical concepts and the nature of reality, influencing many aspects of Indian thought and spirituality.