Umberto I of Italy was the King of Italy from 1878 until his assassination in 1900. Born on March 14, 1844, he was the son of King Victor Emmanuel II and Queen Maria Adelaide. His reign was marked by significant political and social changes, including the expansion of the Italian Empire and the rise of industrialization. Umberto I was known for his support of colonial ventures, particularly in Africa. He faced challenges such as labor strikes and political unrest. His reign ended tragically when he was assassinated by an anarchist named Gaetano Bresci in Monza on July 29, 1900.