There are several types of surgery, each designed to address specific medical issues. Elective surgery is performed by choice, often to improve quality of life, such as cosmetic procedures. In contrast, emergency surgery is done quickly to save a life or prevent serious complications, like in cases of trauma or appendicitis. Another category is minimally invasive surgery, which uses small incisions and specialized instruments, leading to quicker recovery times. Open surgery, on the other hand, involves larger incisions and is often necessary for more complex procedures. Each type serves a unique purpose in patient care.