Operating systems (OS) can be categorized into several types based on their functionality and user interaction. The most common types include batch operating systems, which execute jobs in batches without user interaction, and time-sharing operating systems, which allow multiple users to access the system simultaneously. Additionally, real-time operating systems are designed for applications that require immediate processing and response, such as in embedded systems. Another classification includes network operating systems, which manage network resources and facilitate communication between computers, and mobile operating systems, specifically designed for smartphones and tablets, like Android and iOS. Each type serves distinct purposes, catering to different user needs and hardware configurations.