Software refers to a collection of instructions and data that tell a computer how to perform specific tasks. It encompasses a wide range of applications, from operating systems like Windows to mobile apps like Instagram. Software is essential for enabling users to interact with hardware and perform various functions, such as word processing, gaming, and web browsing. The development of software involves several stages, including planning, coding, testing, and maintenance. Software can be categorized into system software, which manages hardware resources, and application software, which helps users accomplish tasks. Popular programming languages like Python and Java are often used to create software solutions.