Turkish politics is characterized by a multi-party system, with the Republican People's Party (CHP) and the Justice and Development Party (AKP) being two of the most prominent parties. The political landscape has been shaped by a mix of secularism and Islamism, reflecting the country's diverse cultural and religious background. The President of Turkey holds significant power, especially after the 2017 constitutional referendum that transitioned the country from a parliamentary to a presidential system. This change has led to increased centralization of authority, impacting the balance of power among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government.