The Tsarist regime refers to the autocratic rule of the emperors, or tsars, in Russia from the 16th century until the early 20th century. This system was characterized by a centralized government where the tsar held absolute power over the state and its people. The regime was marked by a strong emphasis on tradition, with the tsar often seen as a divine figure. The Romanov dynasty was the last ruling family under the Tsarist regime, which ended with the Russian Revolution in 1917. The regime faced numerous challenges, including social unrest, economic difficulties, and military defeats, leading to its eventual collapse and the establishment of a communist government.