Tsar Alexei, also known as Alexei Mikhailovich, was the second Romanov ruler of Russia, reigning from 1645 until his death in 1676. He was the son of Tsar Mikhail Romanov and is known for his efforts to modernize Russia and strengthen its central authority. His reign saw the introduction of reforms in military, government, and religious practices. Alexei's rule was marked by significant events, including the Time of Troubles and the Russo-Polish War. He also convened the Sobor of 1667, which aimed to address various issues within the Russian Orthodox Church. His legacy includes a blend of traditional Russian culture and the beginnings of Western influence.