The Tribunaux de Grande Instance (TGI) are French courts that handle serious civil and criminal cases. They are part of the French judicial system and have jurisdiction over matters such as divorce, child custody, and significant financial disputes. Each TGI serves a specific geographical area, ensuring that legal issues are addressed locally. In criminal matters, the TGI deals with offenses that carry heavier penalties, including felonies. The court is presided over by professional judges, and cases are often heard by a panel of judges for more complex issues. The TGI plays a crucial role in maintaining justice within the French legal system.