The Treaty of Berlin was signed on July 13, 1878, during the Congress of Berlin, which aimed to reorganize the political landscape of the Balkans after the Russo-Turkish War. The treaty recognized the independence of several states, including Romania, Serbia, and Montenegro, while also granting autonomy to Bulgaria. Additionally, the treaty aimed to balance the interests of the major European powers, such as Russia, Austria-Hungary, and Britain. It established new borders and influenced the future of the region, setting the stage for further conflicts and changes in the Balkans in the years to come.