Trailer brakes are essential safety features designed to help slow down or stop a trailer when it is being towed by a vehicle. They work in conjunction with the towing vehicle's braking system, ensuring that the trailer responds effectively to braking actions. There are two main types of trailer brakes: electric brakes and surge brakes. Electric brakes use an electric current from the towing vehicle to activate the brake system on the trailer, while surge brakes rely on the trailer's momentum to engage the brakes when the towing vehicle slows down. Properly functioning trailer brakes are crucial for safe towing and help prevent accidents on the road.