Tragic literature refers to a genre of writing that explores themes of human suffering, fate, and moral dilemmas. It often features protagonists who face significant challenges or conflicts, leading to their downfall. Classic examples include works by William Shakespeare, such as Hamlet and Macbeth, where characters grapple with their flaws and the consequences of their actions. In tragic literature, the emotional impact is heightened through the use of dramatic irony and catharsis, allowing audiences to experience a range of feelings, from pity to fear. This genre often reflects on the complexities of life, making it a powerful tool for examining the human condition.