Hamlet is a renowned tragedy written by William Shakespeare that explores themes of revenge, madness, and moral corruption. The story follows Prince Hamlet of Denmark, who seeks to avenge his father's murder by his uncle, Claudius, who has taken the throne and married Hamlet's mother, Gertrude. As Hamlet grapples with his quest for vengeance, he descends into a world of existential doubt and emotional turmoil. The play is famous for its complex characters and profound philosophical questions, making it one of the most studied and performed works in the history of literature.