"The Shock of the New" is a documentary series created by Robert Hughes that explores the development of modern art from the late 19th century to the 20th century. It examines how various movements, such as Impressionism and Cubism, challenged traditional artistic conventions and reflected the changing social and political landscapes of their times. The series highlights key artists, including Pablo Picasso and Vincent van Gogh, and their innovative approaches to art. Hughes discusses the impact of technology and urbanization on artistic expression, emphasizing how these factors contributed to the evolution of modern art and its ongoing relevance in contemporary culture.