The Roman invasion of Britain began in 43 AD under the leadership of Emperor Claudius. The Romans aimed to expand their empire and establish control over the island, which was inhabited by various tribes. The invasion was marked by military campaigns, including the capture of key locations like Camulodunum (modern-day Colchester), which became the first Roman capital in Britain. Over the next few decades, the Romans faced resistance from local tribes, such as the Iceni led by Boudica. Despite these challenges, they successfully established a network of roads, towns, and forts, significantly influencing British culture and society. The Roman presence lasted until around 410 AD, when they withdrew their forces.